Nadezhda А. Slepcova

Improving the forms and methods of assessing the level of development of students’ professional competences during a demonstration exam, obtaining accurate, subjectivistic expert assessments and converting them into managerial decisions to adjust students' individual educational trajectories is an urgent pedagogical problem. The aim of the article is to summarize the theoretical provisions of the scientific research conducted by the authors on this issue, to evaluate the results of experimental work, including methods and algorithms for objectively assessing the level of formation and development of professional competences in students during intermediate and final attestations, and to develop management solutions to adjust the student's individual educational trajectory depending on the results shown. We solve this task based on the general principles of the competence-based education paradigm and the pedagogical concept of organizing e-learning at a university. The level of development of students’ professional competences during a demonstration exam is assessed by an expert using a variety of linguistic variables. Linguistic variables are then mapped onto quantitative scales, which makes it possible to eliminate ambiguities by converting expert estimates into precise quantitative values of the membership function using the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets. Having presented the student as a fuzzy set of values of the membership function and having a reference fuzzy set of values of the membership function, we compare the achieved and reference values of the development level of students’ professional competences. Based on the results obtained, a variety of management solutions are developed to correct the student's individual educational trajectory. A pilot study was conducted on the basis of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University and the Azov State Pedagogical University named after P.D. Osipenko. The results obtained have shown the high pedagogical validity and effectiveness of the proposed method, which is the basis for its practical implementation in virtual educational environments and digital platforms of educational institutions. The introduction of the methodology and algorithm proposed by the authors for an objective assessment of the level of formation and development of professional competences in students during intermediate and final attestations into the practical work of educational institutions at various levels makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of demonstration exams and the educational process as a whole, optimize the educational process, ensuring that students achieve their individual educational goals.

Currently, the main form and method of assessing the level of competence formation in a graduate of an educational institution is a demonstration exam (demo exam). The main issue here is the assessment of the level of formation of the competences necessary for practical activity by the expert commission (group). Thus, the development of a scientifically grounded methodology for choosing the members of an expert group to assess the level of competence formation in a graduate of an educational institution is an urgent pedagogical problem. The aim of the research is to improve the methods of conducting pedagogical expertise to increase the effectiveness of the demo examination. To achieve this goal, an algorithm for selecting an expert group based on the "Snowball" method has been developed, in which the decision-maker is chosen by the student at the first iteration. The pedagogical category "effectiveness" has been defined in relation to conducting a demo exam. A pedagogical experiment was conducted, quantitative values of increasing the effectiveness of the educational process were obtained when forming an expert group using the proposed method. The theoretical significance of the research conducted by the authors lies in the development of a scientifically grounded method of organizing expert groups to assess the level of formation and development of professional competences among students, which significantly improves the effectiveness of the educational process as a whole. The practical significance of the research conducted by the authors lies in the development of an algorithm for the formation of expert groups during a demonstration exam in an educational organization, which makes it possible to optimize the number of iterations when selecting experts, increase the effectiveness of the demonstration exam by students’ "accepting" assessment scales, and their readiness to correct individual educational trajectories based on the grades received, i.e. the transformation of the demonstration exam into a prognostic pedagogical examination, the results of which are in demand by students, make it possible to effectively form and develop promising professional competences that ensure their further success in the labor market.